In a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS), data is organized and structured using the relational data model. The relational data model is based on the concept of tables, also known as relations, which are composed of rows (tuples) and columns (attributes). The RDBMS implements and manages the relational data model, providing mechanisms for data storage, retrieval, and manipulation.

There are three key components in the relational data model:

1. Entities: Entities are real-world objects or concepts that are represented as tables in the database. Each entity corresponds to a table, and each row in the table represents an instance of that entity. For example, in a database for a university, the "Student" entity can be represented as a table with attributes such as student ID, name, and date of birth.

2. Attributes: Attributes are characteristics or properties of the entities. They correspond to the columns in a table and define the type of data that can be stored. Attributes provide descriptive information about the entities. For example, attributes of the "Student" entity can include student ID, name, and date of birth.

3. Relationships: Relationships establish connections and associations between entities. They define how entities are related to each other and provide the basis for querying and retrieving related data. Relationships are represented using keys, such as primary keys and foreign keys. For example, a relationship between the "Student" entity and the "Course" entity can be defined using the student ID as the primary key in the "Student" table and as a foreign key in the "Course" table.

The relational data model provides several benefits:

1. Data Integrity: The relational model enforces data integrity through various constraints, such as primary keys, unique keys, foreign keys, and referential integrity. These constraints ensure that data remains consistent and accurate.

2. Flexibility: The relational model allows for flexible querying and manipulation of data. Users can perform complex operations, such as joining tables, filtering data, and aggregating information, using SQL (Structured Query Language).

3. Data Independence: The relational model provides a level of abstraction, separating the physical implementation details from the logical representation of data. This allows for easier maintenance and modification of the database without impacting the applications using the data.

In addition to the relational model, there are other data models used in RDBMS, such as hierarchical and network models. However, the relational model is the most widely adopted and prevalent in modern database systems due to its simplicity, flexibility, and adherence to data integrity principles.

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